导读：这是一篇英国essay范文，讨论了都铎王朝时期的英国济贫法。都铎王朝是英国历史上的转折期，英国的济贫法就是在此期间产生并不断发展与调整，促进了英国济贫史不断完善，并对英国社会的稳定及英国工业革命时期社会问题的解决及英国的福利制度的产生与发展起到了重要的作用。都铎王朝时期是英国济贫法产生的重要时期，这有着其重要的社会背景。
Tudor dynasty is the turning point in the history of the period, during this period, a series of changes have taken place in the history of the British, the British poor law is produced during this period and with the fight between catholics and protestants, Henry viii's religious reform, development and the establishment of the church of England and adjustment, promote the history of the British poor constantly improve, and on the stability of the British society and solving social problems during the period of British industrial revolution and British welfare system plays an important role in the generation and development.
都铎王朝是这一时期历史的转折点，在此期间，英国历史上发生了一系列变化，英国的贫穷法律在此期间产生，并与天主教徒和新教徒之间的斗争，Henry viii's的宗教改革，发展和建立英格兰教会和调整，促进英国穷人的历史不断完善，以及英国社会的稳定和解决英国工业革命和英国福利制度时期的社会问题 在生成和发展中发挥重要作用。
The Tudor dynasty was an important period of poor law in England, which had its important social background. First, Britain has experienced the war of one hundred, Britain and France wars of the roses and a series of large-scale war period, the number of the feudal vassal fell sharply, the collapse of the feudal society, feudal manorial system and the break-up of serfdom, large population to from the bondage of the soil and the feudal system of personal relationships be divorced, mobility of the population increase, coupled with the increase in population after the war, caused the sharp rise in the number of poor liquidity on society. Moreover, with the development of the enclosure movement and the dissolution of monasteries, a large number of farmers were driven out of their homes and wandered, forming a large army of unemployed people.
In order to maintain its rule and reduce the number of refugees, the ruling class began to manage this group, thus promoting the emergence and development of poor law in Britain. From 1495 onwards, the Tudor dynasty made a series of laws to control and relieve the poor, including the laws of 1495, 1503-1504, 1531, 1536, 1547, 1552, 1555, 1563, 1572, 1576, 1597-1598 and 1601. As The Times have evolved, the contents and tenets of these laws have changed, most notably the regulation of the movement of the poor.
Law in 1572 was a turning point in the history of Britain's poor, to the poor liquidity restrictions from blindly and punishment, to start to provide employment opportunities for the poor, fundamentally solve the problem of poor liquidity, reduce the number of refugees, prompted by their own labor, such as food and clothing were poor factors to reduce the cause of social unrest. The law divides the poor into three parts: the first is the incapacitated poor, who are poor because of illness or disability, or who are too old or too young to make a living; The second is poor people who are able to work but cannot find a job, or whose families are too large and whose wages are too small to support them. The third part is the working poor. Since the act of 1572, Britain's poor law has always been the government's policy of providing jobs for the poor.
By 1601, the Elizabethan poor act was enacted, which helped form the English poor system. The poor law is not a specific law, but a system composed of a series of laws, among which the Elizabeth poor law is of special importance. This is not only because it was the beginning of the system, but also because the legal principles it established have been perpetuated. In the following 200 years, there was no change in principle. With the development of the industrial revolution and the development of classical economics, the amendment to the poor law was enacted in 1834, thus opening a new page in the history of poor law in Britain.
Poor law enforcement fundamentally, the ruling class in response to the change of social environment, to maintain its own rule and making the but objectively, improves the quality of life of the poor, for people's survival at the bottom of society, economic function points out: "the UK is superior to the old poor law system of continental Europe, poverty relief, not only because of the old poor law system based on tax as finance, covering the whole country and its relief, on the basis of the integration of the old poor law system for the British also made great contributions to the development of national economy." In understanding the poor law of 1572, we can see that the government began to improve the employment situation of the poor, providing employment opportunities for the refugees and guaranteeing their livelihood. It enables the UK to make steady progress in the face of major changes in the social environment, and lays a good social environment and social foundation for the coming of the industrial revolution.
The emergence of poor law system in late medieval England is not only the need of social transformation in Britain and the origin of modern social policy, but also the need to realize the legitimacy of the nation state and government. Therefore, starting from the religious reform, Britain's relief for the poor gradually changed from relying on the church relief based on religion to relying on the government relief based on the concept of national responsibility. As the subject of relief for the poor changed from religion to secular state, the center of power shifted to secular state, which promoted the development of the national state.
